Polyphenol Recovery Using Nanofiltration and Tight Ultrafiltration: A Review

Abstract

A viable strategy to lessen the environmental contamination of numerous by-products is pressuredriven membrane-based technology. The recovery, isolation, and separation of polyphenols from such by-products has recently received attention due to the growing interest in natural chemicals having biological activity. The potential to recover phenolics from various kinds of by-products has been observed particularly for tight filtration process and nanofiltration membranes. These membranes' productivity and ability to separate substances are influenced by several variables, including the material of the membrane, the molecular weight cut-off, and the operating environment. One pressure-driven filtration membrane technology that has recently gained popularity is nanofiltration. Both diffusion controlled and convective fluxes take place during transit across the membrane because of the membrane's porosity and the pressure difference inside the cell. Naturally, the external boundary layer on the feed side may also experience the same transport flux. An analysis of the impact of these variables on the extraction of phenolic compounds by-products utilizing impermeable ultrafiltration and nanofiltration membranes is presented. The information from the literature is examined and debated regarding the ways that molecules are separated, how membranes function, and other process phenomena. To encourage the deployment of system components for the synthesis of active phenolic formulations that may be useful as food antioxidants, current methods for extracting phenolics from raw resources are also introduced.