https://sciencejournals.stmjournals.in/index.php/RRJoB/issue/feedResearch & Reviews: Journal of Botany2024-03-11T11:48:48+00:00Subia Abbasilifesciences.editor@celnet.inOpen Journal Systems<p> </p><p align="center"><strong><strong><strong>Research & Reviews: Journal of Botany (RRJoB</strong></strong>)</strong></p><p align="center"><strong> </strong></p><p align="center"><strong> e<span>ISSN: 2278–2222</span></strong></p><p><strong> </strong></p><p align="center"> Click <strong><a href="/index.php/RRJoB/about/editorialTeam">here </a></strong>for complete Editorial Board</p><p align="center"> </p><p align="center"><strong> Scientific Journal Impact Factor (SJIF):</strong> <strong>6.093</strong></p><p><strong><br /></strong></p><p> </p><p><strong>Research & Reviews: Journal of Botany (RRJoB)</strong> is focused towards the publication of current research work carried out under Botany. This journal covers all major fields of applications in Botany.It's a triannual journal, started in 2011.</p><p> </p><p><strong><strong>Journal DOI no</strong>.: <span>10.37591/RRJOB</span></strong></p><div> </div><p><strong>Focus and Scope Covers</strong></p><ul><li>Plant Science</li><li>Bryology, Ethnobotany, and Forestry</li><li>Lichenology, Paleobotany, and Palynology</li><li>Phycology</li><li>Phytochemistry and Plant genetics</li><li>Plant morphology and Plant anatomy</li><li>Plant Physiology</li><li>Plant Ecology</li></ul><p><span><br /></span></p><p><strong>Readership -</strong> Graduate, Postgraduate, Research Scholar, Faculties, Institutions,<strong> </strong></p><div><strong><br /></strong></div><p><strong>Indexed in: </strong>DRJI, Citefactor, Journal TOC, Google Scholar, <span>Index</span><span> Copernicus (ICV) <a href="https://journals.indexcopernicus.com/search/details?id=52073"><span>55.57</span></a></span></p><p><strong><br /></strong></p><p><strong>Submission of Paper:</strong></p><p>All contributions to the journal are rigorously refereed and are selected on the basis of the quality and originality of the work. The journal publishes the most significant new research papers or any other original contribution in the form of reviews and reports on new concepts in all areas pertaining to its scope and research being done in the world, thus ensuring its scientific priority and significance.</p><p> </p><p>Manuscripts are invited from academicians, students, research scholars and faculties for publication consideration.</p><p> </p><p>Papers are accepted for editorial consideration through email <strong>info@stmjournals.com</strong> or <strong>mansi.editor@celnet.in</strong></p><p><strong><br /></strong></p><p><strong><br /></strong></p><p><strong>Abbreviation: <strong><strong>RRJoB</strong></strong></strong><em></em></p><p><em><br /><br /></em><strong></strong></p><p><strong>Frequency</strong>: Three issues per year</p><p> </p><p><span><strong><a href="/index.php/RRJoB/about/editorialPolicies#peerReviewProcess">Peer Reviewed Policy</a></strong></span></p><p> </p><p> </p><p><a href="/index.php/RRJoB/about/editorialTeam" target="_self">EDITORIAL BOARD</a></p><p> </p><p><strong><a href="http://stmjournals.com/pdf/Author-Guidelines-stmjournals.pdf">Instructions to Authors</a></strong></p><p><strong>Publisher:</strong> STM Journals A division of: Consortium eLearning Network Private Ltd</p><p><strong>Address:</strong> A-118, 1<sup>st</sup> Floor, Sector-63, Noida, Uttar Pradesh-201301, India</p><p><strong>Phone no.:</strong> 0120-478-1220/ Email: <span>lifesciences.editor@celnet.in</span></p>https://sciencejournals.stmjournals.in/index.php/RRJoB/article/view/3809Assessment of Capacity, Success, and Challenges of Farmers Training Center in Southwest Ethiopia2024-03-11T11:48:48+00:00Amanuel Afetoamanyasterr@gmail.comTesfaye Gafaroamanyasterr@gmail.comYishak Shitayeamanyasterr@gmail.com<p><em>FTCs are established to provide extension including capacity development on use of improved farming technologies, market-oriented information, communication and advisory services. The main aim of this study is to assess capacity, success, and challenges of farmers training center for the better of farmers and the effectiveness of extension service provision in Kaffa and Bench-sheko zones. The study were undertaken in Gimbo and Chena district of Kaffa zone and Semen bench district of Bench sheko zone. Data for this study were collected from primary sources through household survey, key informant interview, focus group discussion and field observation and from published and unpublished secondary sources. The finding indicates that FTCs in the study area are better by human resources, office, meeting hall, store and demonstration field. However those sample FTCs are not well equipped and there is a functionality problem on majority of facilities. In the study area FTCs gives much attention to crop activity demonstration, not to livestock and NRM activities. Adoption of crop technology was very low in the study area, which includes the utilization of improved crop variety except maize and coffee, is less than 10%, the utilization of inorganic fertilizer are less than 50% and still the majority of farmers are broadcasting their seeds. The finding indicates that productivity of crop in the study area were very low below the county’s average potential. The majority 70.5% of the sample households participate on FTC based extension services and the rest 29.5% do not participate. There is a significant variation between participant and non-participant in terms of benefit through crop yield, animal production, farm income, land management and soil fertility. FTCs in the study area have many challenges includes unavailability of diversified technology, low skill and knowledge of DAs, low farmers participation, lack of basic infrastructure, facilities, resources and others. FTCs need to be equipped with demonstration facilities, field, equipment and human resources.</em></p>2024-03-11T11:48:48+00:00Copyright (c) 2024 Research & Reviews: Journal of Botanyhttps://sciencejournals.stmjournals.in/index.php/RRJoB/article/view/3794Identification of important wild woody plant species in Debub Ari and Bena-Tsemay district2024-02-21T04:53:42+00:00Belayneh Lemage Bongidobelaynehlemage@gmail.comThe current study was conducted in Debub Ari and Bena-Tsemay districts of South Omo zone in Southern Ethiopia. This study was initiated to identify important wild woody plant species to increase their suitability and accessibility for human desires. A multi-stage sampling procedure was employed to carry out this study in the selected districts where the resources are available. The result showed that there was forest resources from which important wild woody plants identified through household survey, key informant interview and focus group discussion in the studied districts. Form which 19 and 23 woody species were identified and ranked according to their important contribution utilized by the community in Debub Ari and Bena-Tsemay districts, respectively. From the identified species in Debub Ari district, Faurea rochetiana, Strychnos spinosa, and Ximenia Americana; and in Bena-Tsemay Grewia tenax, Osyris lanceolata, Balanites aegyptiaca, Combretum molle, Ximenia americana and Ehretia cymosa are the preferred and need desirable silivicultural practices to continue their production sustainability. Further research is needed to domesticate identified and preferred important wild woody plants, should be desirable, and planting those species on farmland to intensify the production and diversifying the livelihood of the community.2024-02-21T04:53:42+00:00Copyright (c) 2023 Research & Reviews: Journal of Botanyhttps://sciencejournals.stmjournals.in/index.php/RRJoB/article/view/3792A Review On Evaluation Of Abiotic Stress Signals On Production Of Gymnemic Acid In In Vitro Cultures Of Gymnema Sylvestre R.Br2024-02-19T11:30:28+00:00Naseeha C. Pnaseeha@farookcollege.ac.inDelse P. Sebastiannaseeha@farookcollege.ac.in<p>The demand and market value of medicinal plants increases day by day. The raw materials for herbal medicine industry came from wild collections. Due to intense demand, natural populations are under stress and many species of medicinal plants became vulnerable. To overcome the issue new methods to conserve and propagate medicinal plants on large scale. <em>In vitro</em> propagation techniques are effective for the multiplication and conservation. Advantages like availability of plants in all seasons, production of uniform plants and accumulation of bio active compounds by inducing stress signals can be achieved through plant tissue culture. <em>Gymnema Sylvvestre</em> R. Br. is a perennial woody climber that belongs to the <em>Asclepiedaceae </em>family. The leaves and roots of the plant have medicinal properties and are used in the Ayurveda system of medicine to treat various diseases. <em>Gymnema</em> is wildly used for the treatment of diabetes. The plant has antimicrobial, and anti-inflammatory and anti-cancer properties. It also used in the treatment of obesity, arthritis, hyperlipidemia and hypercholesterolemia. The major secondary metabolite in Gymnema is a group of nine related acidic glycosides. The main metabolite is gymnemic acid A-D and is present in all parts of the plant. The accumulation of metabolites often happens in plants that are exposed to various stresses, including various elicitors (signs) or signal molecules. The exposure to various stresses (nutrient stress, half-strength media, pH 4.5-6.0) and various growth regulators, etc.) causes many common reactions and have an effect on the accumulation of secondary metabolites. The optimised stressed conditions can be standardized for increased or improved bioactive compound formation in vitro.</p>2024-02-19T11:30:15+00:00Copyright (c) 2023 Research & Reviews: Journal of Botanyhttps://sciencejournals.stmjournals.in/index.php/RRJoB/article/view/3775Effects of seed and nitrogen with phosphorus fertilizer rates on production of lowland rice (Oryza sativa L.) in Fogera plain, North Western Ethiopia.2024-03-07T08:07:25+00:00Getachw Dessalegn Shiferawdesgetachew211@gmail.comTilahun Tadessedesgetachew211@gmail.comAbaynew Jemaldesgetachew211@gmail.com<p><em>Rice (Oryza sativa L.) is the main cereal crop in the Fogera. However, crop yields are low due to lack of various agronomic management practices. Among these, lack of site-specific seed rate and fertilizer levels are the major limiting factors. </em><em>Therefore, a field experiment was conducted at the Fogera National Rice Research and Training Center in 2019 to study the effects of seed and nitrogen with phosphorus fertilizer rates on rice in the Fogera plain under Rain fed conditions.</em> <em>A factorial combination of seed rates ( three levels) (80,100, 120 kg ha-1) and NP fertilizers (five levels) (0/0, 138/23, 138/6, 207/23, and 207/6 N/P2O5 kg ha-1) was laid out in Randomized Complete Block Design with three replications. The row planting method was used. Growth and yield data were collected and subjected to analysis of variance using SAS software. The grain yields and straw yields were further subjected to economic analysis. The main effect of seed rate affects significantly the number of total tillers, number of non-fertile tillers, number of fertile tillers, number of fertile grains per panicle, number of unfilled grains per panicle, and above-ground biomass yield, and harvest index. Regarding the interaction effect of seed and NP fertilizer rates, the number of total tillers, number of fertile tillers, and harvest index were significantly responding. Gain yields significantly responded to the main effects of fertilizer rates. The highest grain yield was obtained from a seed rate of 120 kg ha-1 and fertilizer rate of 207/6 NP2O5 kg ha<sup>-1</sup>. The economic analysis also supported this result that the highest net benefits were obtained with the combination of seed rate 120 kg ha-1 and 207/6 kg N/P2O5 ha-1 with a net benefit of Birr 78931.15 ha<sup>-1</sup> which can be recommended for the study area.</em></p>2023-12-28T08:14:33+00:00Copyright (c) 2023 Research & Reviews: Journal of Botanyhttps://sciencejournals.stmjournals.in/index.php/RRJoB/article/view/3772Significant role of artificial intelligence in agriculture2024-02-19T11:30:28+00:00B. M. Rajeshrajenlight@gmail.comA. P. Shobanarajenlight@gmail.comS. Indhumathirajenlight@gmail.com<p>Using AI in agriculture has long been seen as one of the best ways to alleviate the shortage of food and adjust to the demands of an expanding population. An overview of AI's use in agronomic fields and its advancements in lab research are given in this paper. The review initially identifies two areas—soil management and weed management—where AI may be particularly useful. , and after that, the Internet of Things (IoT), a technology with enormous potential for use in the future, is discussed. Three issues must be resolved for AI-based technology to become widely used in markets: unequal mechanized distribution; algorithms' capacity to analyze massive amounts of data fast and accurately; and data security and privacy for both the devices and the data. Agricultural robots, aimed at various facets of the agricultural industry, have undergone significant development and enhancement in recent years. While acknowledging the challenges of implementing machines and algorithms tested in test environments in real-world settings, the review underscores a noteworthy advancement and a promising avenue for application. Artificial intelligence is revolutionizing the agriculture industry in more ways than one. With the use of advanced technologies and data analysis, AI is transforming the way farmers approach their work</p>2023-12-28T00:00:00+00:00Copyright (c) 2023 Research & Reviews: Journal of Botanyhttps://sciencejournals.stmjournals.in/index.php/RRJoB/article/view/3619Morphological Study of Pollen Grains and Seeds in Two Species from the Family Poaceae in Iraq2023-07-24T10:10:49+00:00Salwa Hamza Hussein Al-hassnawysalway-hhas@gmail.comWijdan Kamal Noor Shalan Al-Qraawysalway-hhas@gmail.com<p>Pollen grains and seeds varied in size, color and surface decoration in the species of the genus under study. The shape, dimensions and characteristics of pollen and seeds are important in distinguishing the two genus, so the current study dealt with the phenotypic characteristics of pollen and seeds and took full measurements for them. The phenotypic study showed that the majority of the pollen grains were of a single-grooved style, and the shape of the grain varied between oblate-spheroidal or spheroidal in the polar view and elongated in the equatorial view. As for the surface of the pollen grain, it was distinguished by being micro reticulate sculpturing in the two studied species. As for the size, its sizes varied between small and medium size, and the surface decoration of the grain wall was reticulate. A study of the phenotypical characteristics of the seeds showed their variation in terms of shape between their shapes, which were ellipsoid in S. arabica and oblong in S. barbatus, The color of the seeds ranged from light brown in the species S. arabica to dark brown in the other species, and with regard to the surface coating, it did not show a clear difference between the two species under study. The two species were distinguished by being smooth and glabrous, while the surface ornamentation was microreticulate in S. arabica and sulcate in S. barbatus.</p>2023-07-24T05:52:45+00:00Copyright (c) 2023 Research & Reviews: Journal of Botany