Open Access Open Access  Restricted Access Subscription or Fee Access

Statistics: The Measurement of Uncertainty Data

Shailesh Yadav

Abstract


This paper takes a broad look at statistics. Statistics is defined as the study of uncertainty, according to some. The numerous demonstrations that uncertainties can only combine according to probability calculus rules are compiled. The probability, it is suggested, are subjective. The significance of likelihood and exchangeability is clarified. Because inference is only useful if it can be applied, the addition of utility to decision analysis is related to risk and the application of statistics in science and law. The report was created in the hopes of making statistics accessible to everyone.


Keywords


Data analysis, decision analysis, exchangeability, law, likelihood, models, personal probability.

Full Text:

PDF

References


Aitken, Colin GG, and David A. Stoney. The use of statistics in forensic science. CRC Press, 1991.

Berger, James O., and Mohan Delampady. "Testing precise hypotheses." Statistical Science (1987): 317-335.

Berger, James O., and Robert L. Wolpert. "Miscellaneous front pages, including Preface." The likelihood principle. Institute of Mathematical Statistics, 1988. 1-10.

Bernardo, José M. "Nested hypothesis testing: The Bayesian reference criterion." Bayesian statistics 6 (1999): 101-130.

Ashby, Deborah. "Bayesian statistics in medicine: a 25-year review." Statistics in medicine 25.21 (2006): 3589-3631.

Box, George EP. "Sampling and Bayes' inference in scientific modelling and robustness." Journal of the Royal Statistical Society: Series A (General) 143.4 (1980): 383-404.

Dawid, A. Philip, Mervyn Stone, and James V. Zidek. "Marginalization paradoxes in Bayesian and structural inference." Journal of the Royal Statistical Society: Series B (Methodological) 35.2 (1973): 189-213.

Savage, Leonard J. The foundations of statistics. Courier Corporation, 1972.

Eggleston, R. "Evidence, Proof and Probability (London, Weidenfeld and Nicolson." London, Butterworth (1983).

Fisher, R. A. "The Design of Experiments (Edinburgh, England: Oliver and Boyd)." (1935).

Lehmann, E. L. "Theory of Point Estimation, New York: John Wiley." Lehmann Theory of Point Estimation1983 (1983).

O'Hagan, Anthony. "Fractional Bayes factors for model comparison." Journal of the Royal Statistical Society: Series B (Methodological) 57.1 (1995): 99-118.

Little, William, et al. The Oxford universal dictionary illustrated: an illustrated edition of the Shorter Oxford English dictionary. No. Sirsi) a453226. 1956.


Refbacks

  • There are currently no refbacks.