A Review on Toxic Effects of an Organophosphate Pesticide Chlorpyrifos in Fish

Abstract

Abstract
One of the most potentially harmful toxic chemical is pesticides that are introduced into the environment and used in extensive agriculture practices to defense against disease and pest. Though human welfare have been contributed considerably to them, the adverse effects of pesticides on the non-target organisms like fish are extremely significant. Through impairment of metabolism pesticides hampers health of fish, sometimes leading to death of fish. Among the different group of pesticides chlorpyrifos (O, O-diethyl-O-3,5,6-trichlor2-pyridyl phosphorothioate) organophosphate insecticide which is widely used for more than a decade to control insect pest. It is the second largest selling organophosphate and has been found to be more toxic to fish than other organochlorine compounds. Chlorpyrifos moves through air drift or surface runoff into natural waters, where it has been accumulated in different organisms living in water, especially in the fish, thus it becomes vulnerable to several prominent effects. Chlorpyrifos inhibits acetylcholinesterase pathway that disrupts the function of nervous system, cause behavioural, neurological, oxidative, histopathological, endocrine and other effects at low doses. The present study reviews the various effects of chlorpyrifos in fish.

Keywords: Organophosphate, chlorpyrifos, acute toxicity, LC50, chronic toxicity, fish

Cite this Article
Chandan Sarkar, Shrabani Ghosh, Nimai Chandra Saha. A Review on Toxic Effects of an Organophosphate Pesticide Chlorpyrifos in Fish. Research & Reviews: Journal of Veterinary Science and Technology. 2020; 9(1): 19–31p.