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Yield Loss Assessment in Common Bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) due to Ascochyta Blight (Phoma exigua var. diversispora (Bubak) Boerema) Disease
Abstract
Ascochyta blight (Phoma exigua var. diversispora (Bubak) Boerema) causes a severe, rapidly developing disease on common beans (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) that can bring about complete plant defoliation and extensive yield loss. Studies were conducted in Rwanda to quantify the yield loss attributed to bean ascochyta blight on 64 common bean genotypes including bush and climbing. Using a split plot design, trials were conducted at three locations, where ascochyta disease is prevalent. The different genotypes used had variable levels of susceptibility and were compared with resistant genotypes ICTA Hunapu and ASC 87 for bush type and G 35034 G 35306 for climber type. The results obtained showed that market class genotypes recorded higher disease severity and higher yield losses compared to the controls. There was a strong positive correlation between the Relative Area Under Disease Progress Curve (RAUDPC) values and yield losses. It was also established that as a result of the ascochyta, the yield of a susceptible genotype is reduced by about 69%. The pod infection had a direct effect on seed yield for both bush and climbers. However, the bush genotypes showed larger reduction in yield as compared to climbers. The study suggests the use of desirable resistant genotypes as the best way of reducing yield loss caused by ascochyta blight.
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References
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