Study of the Anatomical Characteristics of Cross Sections in two Species of the Genus Schismus of the Poaceae Family in Iraq

Authors

  • Salwa Hamza Hussein Al-hassnawy 1Lecturer, Department of Biology, College of Education for Girls, Kufa University, Iraq
  • Wijdan Kamal Noor Shalan AlQraawy

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.37591/rrjols.v13i1.3678

Keywords:

Genus schismus, spikelet pedicels, cross sections, poaceae

Abstract

The current research included a comparative anatomical study of two species belonging to the genus Schismus L. is from the Poaceae family and grows wild in Iraq. The two species are Schismus arabicus Nees and Schismus barbatus (L.) Thell. The study included anatomical aspects, the study of anatomical characteristics had taxonomic importance in supporting phenotypic traits in diagnosing and isolating the studied species. As the characteristics of the cross-sections of the spikelet Pedicels were studied, as the sections were circular or semi-circular in shape, and half of them were solid and the other half were hollow. Thus, this characteristic was useful in isolating the two species of genus Schismus by separating the species S. arabica with a solid spikelet Pedicels from the species S. barbatus, which was hollow, as well. The results of the study of the cross-sections of the vegetative parts showed that they contain two tissues, parenchyma and sclerenchyma, and that the method of distribution and arrangement of these tissues varied between the different plant parts and at the level of the studied species. The cross-sections of the vesicles of the two genus studied contained vascular bundles of the closed and lateral type. Although they were scattered within the primary tissue, they were distinguished by three patterns of arrangement, The first is represented by small bundles close to the periphery of the Pedicels, Minor or peripheral vascular bundles, as they are submerged in the sclerenchyma tissue under the epidermis, The second is represented by the major vascular bundles or major vascular bundles, which are immersed in the parenchymal tissue, while the third is represented by the vascular bundles that lie between these two arrangements, as the vascular bundles are connected at their apex to the sclerenchyma tissue under the epidermis, while they are surrounded from their sides and the base by the parenchymal tissue, and they are also major bundles. The differentiation of the vascular elements of the wood is more evident in the main bundles than in the peripheral bundles.

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Published

2023-06-05

Issue

Vol. 13 No. 1 (2023)

Section

Research Article

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